钻石切工的“前世今生”——钻石琢形演变历程

       zuanshizhuoxingjizuanshiqiegexingzhuang，yeshizuanshiqiegongdeyigexifenjieshao。jushuo，shijiezuizaodekemianzhuoxingbaoshidayuechuxianzaigongyuanqian2shiji，danzhenzhengyouqueqiewenzijiludayuezai11shiji。congjiandandaofanza，weilezuidachengduditixianzuanshiwaiguandemeili，zuanshixingzhuangjinglileduociyanbian，rujinwomenchangjiandebiaozhunyuanxingmingliangshiqiegeyuanzuanjiushiyoudangchudejianyiqiegongyanbianerlai，xiamianjiuyiqilailejiezuanshizhuoxingdeyanbianfazhanlichengba。

       一、 尖琢型

       zuizaodeshihou，renmensuopeidaidezuanshijibenxiangqiandedoushiweijingjiagongdezuanshiyuanshi，youziranfengmao，queburuxianzaikandaodecuicanhuali。

       dayue14shiji，ouzhoudalushengxingjianzhuoxingkemiandezuanshi，tashiliyongzuanshibenshendebamiantimoguangercheng，jiandanlaishuozhishijiangbamiantide8gejingmiandamoguanghua，yitigaoqiduichengxing、guangzejitoumingdu，zuizhongdamowandechengpinheyuanshixiangbimeiyoutaidagaibian。

       二、桌形琢型

       dayue15shijizaoqichuxianlezhuoxingzhuoxing，zheizhongzhuoxingshizaijianzhuoxingjichushangqiequyidingjiaoerxingchengruzhuomiandesifangxingkemian，youshidibuyeqiejiaochengyixiaodimian，zhuoshizhuoxingdafugaishanlezuanshizheshe、fansheguangdenengli，shizuanshidehuocaiheliangduyoulehenhaodetigao。

       三、玫瑰花琢形

       meiguihuazhuoxingchuxianyuyueshiwushijihuoshiliushijizhongye，tashizuanshizhuoxingfazhandeyicifeiyue，qizhongyihelanmeiguihuazhuoxingweidaibiao，yipingdi、gongdinghesanjiaoxingxiaomianduichengfenbuweitezheng，lingzuanshikanqilaijiweishangxinyuemu。

       zaoqidemeiguihuazhuoxingxiaomianshumujiaoduo，erqiejiagongzhiliangdilie，dunxingpingdimeiguihuazhuoxingjisanmianmeiguihuazhuoxing。houqixiamianshumuzengjia，yousanmiandaoliumian、shiermian、shibamian，zuizhongfazhanweiershisimian，jiquanmeiguihuazhuoxing。

       四、圆形琢型（明亮琢型）

       shiqishijishi，suizhekexuejishudefazhanyijirenmenduibaoshiguangxuexingzhidezhuburenshi，renmenyoushejizhizuochulexindekemianxingkuanshi。shouxianchuxiandeshidanfanshizhuoxing，ersuihouchuxiandelaokuanggongshizhuoxinghelaoouzhoushizhuoxing，yijingshiyonglexiandaibiaozhunde58gemiandeqiemomoxing。zheizhongzhuoxingzengjialezuanshideliangduhehuocai，waixingrengshibuguizexingzhuangde，erlaoouzhoushideqiemo，shifeichangjiejinxiandaibiaozhunyuanzuanqiemodefangshi，tadetaimianhenxiao，danshixingzhuanggengweijunyun，womenyechengtamenweizaoqidemingliangshiqiemo。

       20shijichuqi，zuanshiqiegongjixiedefaminggaijincujinlezuanshixingtaidebianhua，zuanshilunkuoyoubuguizexiangguizeyanhua，chuxianlequanqiezhuoxing，jijuyou58gexiaomiandebiaozhunyuanxingmingliangzhuoxing。zheizhongqiefayanyongzhijin，rengshizuilixiangdeyuanxingzuanshiqiegefangshi。

       baokuoguojiquanweidezhubaojiandingjigoumeiguobaoshixiehui（gia）zaineidezhongduozhubaozhuanyejigou，yizhirenweibiaozhunyuanxingzuanshi（57/58mian），nenggouzuiwanmeidibiaoxianchuzuanshideliangguang、huocai。suoyi，xianzaishichangshang3ctyixiadezuanshiyou90%shiyuanxingzuanshi。

       五、花式琢型

       huashizhuoxingzuizaokezhuisudao500duonianqian，ji16shiji，dangshichuxiandeduoweijietizhuoxing，suizhejiagonggongyidebuduanchengshu，luxuchuxianlemingliangshihuashizhuoxing。20shiji50niandaiyihou，gezhonggeyangdehuashizhuoxingbuduanyongxian，jidafengfulebaoshizhuoxingkuanshi。

       changjiandehuashizhuoxingyouzumulvqiegong（emerald cut）、lanjianxingqiegong（marquise brilliant cut）、xinxingqiegong（heart brilliant cut）、lixingqiegong（pear brilliant cut）、dianxingqiegong（cushion cut）、leidienxingqiegong（radiant cut）、tuoyuanxingmingliangxingqiegong（oval brilliant cut）、fangxingqiegong（squarebrilliant cut）dengqiegong。

       tuoyuanxingqiege

       tuoyuanxingqiegedebiaozhunkemianwei69。dangcongshangfushi，baoshichengtuoyuanxing。jiutuoyuanxingqiegeeryan，jinguanzhangduyukuandubiqingweidiqujueyubutongxinghaobaoshideguangxuetexing，danliangzhejiandebiliyue2：1。yimeiqiegonghenhao，biliqiadangdetuoyuanxingbaoshikeyijihuyuyuanzuanxingqiegeyiyangguangcaiduomu，huocaiyaoyan。

       lanjianxingqiege

       lanjianxingqiegeyechengwei“fangchui”xingqiege，qibiaozhunkemianshuwei57，zhengtilunkuokanqilaixiangyigetuoyuan，danxiangbituoyuanliangbiangexiangwaiyanshenzhiyidian，youshangjingzhixiangxiafukan，gengxiangshiyimeiganlanqiu。ganlanxingqiegedezhangkuanbiyingwei2：1，zhidezhuyideshilanjianxingqiegebunengtaiqian，fouzedehua，guangxianjianghuichuantouzuanshidebeibu，jianruoleqiguangzeyushanyaochengdu。

       sanjiaoxingqiege

       sanjiaoxingqiegedebiaozhunkemianshuwei43，zheizhongqiegefatongchangjinxuyaojiangyuanshengkuangshidejiaojiequ，jiukeyixianshichubaoshiyaoyanmeilideguyoubenzhi，huocaiguangcaiduomu。youyugebianxiangdeng，sanjiaoxingqiegenenghenhaodichengxianzuanshidefanshe，beishizuojuyouruyuanzuanxingqiegeyiyangdeguangzexiaoguo，yinciduiyuneixiezhongaixianmingsecaidecaisezuanshirenmen，zheijibianshitamendezuijiaxuanze。

       zaisanjiaoxingqiegezhong，lianghaodepaoguangxiaoguoyouzhuyuzuanshizuidachengdudizhanxianzishendeguangzeganyushanshuodu。chuantongsanjiaoxingqiegezhuoxing，daiyoujianjiaohuozhezaizuanguanshangdaiyou25gekemian、tingbuyou19gekemian、yijikenengdaiyouyaobudexingzhuanggengyuandedesanjiaoxingqiegezhuoxingdeng。

       lixingqiege

       lixingqiegedebiaozhunkemianshuwei71，zheishiyizhongjieheletuoyuanxingqiegeyuganlanjianxingqiegefayoudiandehunheqiegefangshi，qiegechengxingdebaoshidexingzhuangxiangyikejingyingtitoudeleizhu。lixingqiegefasuonenghuodedejijiazhuoxingwaiguandezhangkuanbiyuewei1.5：1。

       xinxingqiege

       xinxingqiegedebiaozhunkemianshuwei59。xinxingqiegebaoshishiyizhongdingbuyoufengxidelixingqiegefangshi。zongdelaishuo，xinxingqiegebaoshidezhangkuanbilveweichaoguo1：1，yuewei1.1：1，zhangdulvedaxie，danshibilitongchangbuhuichaoguo1.2：1。daduoshuxinxingqiegebaoshijihuweiyuanxing，zheicunzaizhezheiyangdeyoushi：juyoujihuweiyuandetingbu，nenggouchanshengmeilideguangze。youyujihaodebilishilaiziyuyaofuchugengduodeshengshijichushang，xinxingqiegebaoshibixujuyoujihaodeqiegong，zheiyangcainengshibaoshigengjiaanggui。

       zumulvqiege

       zumulvqiegedekemianshuwei50，wanchenghoudezhuoxingyoudingbuguanchajiuxiangjiequlejiaodezhangfangxing，youjietizhuangdekemian，zheixiejietizhuangjiaohuishiqiduomudeguanghuixianshiyuzuanshidetingbuzhishang。zheishilingyouzhong“tixingqiege”，tayouzheduocengleisiyujietizhuangbingtongchangweisijiaohuozheshenzhangdekemian，qizhisuoyichengweitixingqiege，naiyinqichengtongxinerkuankuodepingmianleiyijieti。zheizhongqiegefangfa，shihebaoshiyansezaiqimeiganfangmianqizhefeichangzhongyaodezuoyong。

       bajiaoxingqiege

       bajiaoxingqiegedebiaozhunkemianshuwei53。zheishilingyizhongduizhuoxingsigejiaojuyouyidingguigeyaoqiude“tixing”qiege。zheizhongqiegebutongyuzumulvqiege，qitingbudejietizhangdubudeng，zheizhongqiegefangshishiyongyuduixiaicaisezuanshiyileiderenqun。

       zhengfangxingqiege

       zhengfangxingqiegedebiaozhunkemianshuwei57，zheizhongqiegefangshishijishangjiushiyizhongteshudezhangfangxingqiegefangshi，butongzhichujiuzaiyuliangzhezaibianzhangbilishangcunzaichayi。

       zhangjiaoguxingqiege/“zhenxing”qiege

       zhangjiaoguxingqiege，yechengwei“zhenxing”qiegehuozhe“zhuguang”qiege。zhangjiaoguxingqiegebaoshizhuoxingdekemianshuyuewei64。tayugongzhushiqiegeyiyang，zhangjiaoguxingqiegenengzuidahuadichengxianbaoshideguangze。zheizhongqiegefangshichuleyingyongyuzuanshideqiege，duiyusililankadexiaokemianhongbaoshiyulanbaoshilaishuo，zheishishouxuandeqiegefa。

       qianxiqiege

       qianxiqiegefangshizuoyongxiadezuanshi，yongyoulingrennanyizhixinde1000gekemian，zheishiyouluojiao.gelakashouchuangyu1999nianzuoyoudexinshijizhichu，erbeimingmingwei“qianxiqiege”。qianxiqiegedegongzuoliangyuedengyuqitaqiegonggongzuoliangde18bei。youyutingbuyongyou624gekemian，taimianyou376gekemian，zaizhenggeqiegeyupaoguangguochengzhong，meigekemianbixubeipengdaoguo1zhi4ci。shejideshijianliang、yushejidetexingdejieheyijixuyaojingmiqiegejixie，xiaochuleqianxiqiegechengweiqiegezhuliudekenengxing。